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James Clavell
James Clavell (10 October 1921〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://familysearch.org/pal:/MM9.1.1/KXQM-CFM ) Date of birth often given as 10 October 1924.〕 – 6 September 1994), born Charles Edmund Dumaresq Clavell, was an Australian-born British (later naturalized American) novelist, screenwriter, director, and World War II veteran and prisoner of war. Clavell is best known for his epic Asian Saga series of novels and their televised adaptations, along with such films as ''The Great Escape'' (1963) and ''To Sir, with Love'' (1967).
==Early life and World War II==
Born in Australia, Clavell was the son of Commander Richard Charles Clavell, a British Royal Navy officer who was stationed in Australia on secondment to the Royal Australian Navy from 1920 to 1922. He was educated at Portsmouth Grammar School. In 1940, aged 19, Clavell joined the Royal Artillery, and was sent to Malaya to fight the Japanese. Wounded by machine gun fire, he was eventually captured and sent to a Japanese prisoner of war camp on Java. Later he was transferred to Changi Prison in Singapore.
Clavell suffered greatly at the hands of his Japanese captors. According to the introduction to Clavell's novel ''King Rat'' (1962), over 90% of the prisoners who entered Changi never walked out.〔850 out of a total of 87,000 prisoners are known to have died at Changi, although many more died after being transferred out to other sites like the Death Railway. Cf. http://www.awm.gov.au/journal/j33/blackburn.htm.〕 Clavell was reportedly saved, along with an entire battalion, by an American prisoner of war who later became the model for "The King" in ''King Rat''. By 1946, Clavell had risen to the rank of captain, but a motorcycle accident ended his military career. He enrolled at the University of Birmingham, where he met April Stride, an actress, whom he married in 1949.〔 Date of marriage sometimes given as 1951.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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